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L-karnitine ifu ya 98%
L-karnitine ni iki?
L-karnitine, izwi kandi nka vitamine BT, ifite imiti ya C7H15NO3 nizina ryimiti ya (R) -3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-N, N, N-trimethylpropyl ammonium hydroxide umunyu wimbere. Nibintu bimeze nka aside amine itera guhindura ibinure imbaraga. Igicuruzwa cyiza ni lens yera cyangwa ifu yera ibonerana ifu nziza. Irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi, Ethanol, na methanol, gushonga gake muri acetone, no kudashonga muri ether, benzene, chloroform, na etil acetate. ester. L-karnitine ikurura byoroshye ubuhehere, ifite amazi meza kandi ikurura amazi, kandi irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya 200 ° C. Nta ngaruka mbi zifite ku mubiri w'umuntu. Inyama zitukura nisoko nyamukuru ya L-karnitine. Umubiri wumuntu urashobora kandi kuwushushanya kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bya physiologique. Ntabwo ari vitamine nyayo, gusa ibintu bimeze nka vitamine. Ifite imikorere itandukanye ya physiologiya nka okiside yibinure no kubora, kugabanya ibiro, no kurwanya umunaniro. Nkinyongera yibiribwa, ikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa byabana, ibiryo bigabanya ibiro, ibiryo bya siporo, inyongera zintungamubiri kubantu bageze mu za bukuru n'abageze mu za bukuru, ibyubaka umubiri bikomoka ku bimera, ndetse no kugaburira amatungo. Inyongeramusaruro nibindi
Ibikoresho bya Shimi na Metabolism
L-karnitine, izwi kandi ku izina rya L-karnitine, ifite imiterere y’imiti isa na choline kandi isa na aside amine, ariko ntabwo ari aside amine kandi ntishobora kugira uruhare muri poroteyine biosynthesis. Kubera ko L-karnitine ishobora guhuzwa n'abantu hamwe ninyamaswa nyinshi mumibiri yabo kugirango babone ibyo bakeneye umubiri, ntabwo ari vitamine mubyukuri, ahubwo ni ibintu bisa na vitamine.
L-karnitine irashobora gushonga cyane mumazi, kandi karnitine yakuwe mubiryo irashobora kwinjizwa rwose numubiri. Birazwi ko aho L-karnitine yinjira mu mubiri ari amara mato, ariko inzira nyayo yo kwinjirira hamwe n’ahantu ho kwinjirira karnitine (ku buntu cyangwa esterifique) binyuze mu mucyo wo mu nda ntibirasobanuka neza. Usibye L-karnitine ya exogenous yinjiye mu biryo, abantu barashobora no guhuza karnitine ya endogenous ubwabo. Umwijima nimpyiko ningingo zingenzi za biosynthesis ya karnitine mumubiri. Itangirira kuri lysine ikoresheje ε-trimethyl-βhydroxylysine, ikabyara γ-butylbetaine munsi ya aldolase na okiside ya aldehyde. , hanyuma uhindurwe muri L-karnitine na hydroxylase. Usibye lysine, biosynthesis ya L-karnitine mu mubiri isaba kandi methionine, vitamine C, niacin, vitamine B6 n'ibindi bintu.
Ni izihe nyungu
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu myaka yashize bwerekanye ko L-karnitine nayo igira uruhare runini mu gukoresha umubiri wa ketone, metabolism ya azote n'ibindi.
1. Guteza imbere ubwikorezi na okiside ya aside irike
Beta-okiside ya acide acide ikorerwa muri mitochondriya yumwijima nizindi selile. Birazwi ko aside irike yubusa cyangwa ibinure bya acili-CoA idashobora kwinjira mumbere yimbere ya mitochondrial, ariko acylcarnitine yibinure irashobora kunyura muri iyi membrane, bityo ikemeza ko L-karnitine ikuraho aside irike muri membrane ya mitochondrial muburyo bwamatsinda ya acili acile. Umwikorezi yatwarwaga hanze akajya imbere muri membrane. Uburyo burambuye bwubwikorezi ntibusobanutse, ariko biragaragara ko karnitineacyl-CoAtransferase ari enzyme yingenzi muriki gikorwa. Abantu bamwe bemeza ko L-karnitine ishobora no kugira uruhare mu gutwara no gusohora andi matsinda ya acyl, bityo ikaba ishobora gukumira uburozi bw’umubiri buterwa no kwegeranya amatsinda ya acyl cyangwa koroshya metabolisme isanzwe ya aminide acide amashami.
2. Kwihutisha gukura kwintanga no kunoza umuvuduko
L-karnitine ningingo zingufu zo gukura kwintanga kandi ifite umurimo wo kongera umubare wintanga no kugenda. Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bagabo 30 bakuze bwerekanye ko umubare w’intanga n’umuvuduko bifitanye isano n’itangwa rya L-karnitine mu ndyo mu rugero runaka, kandi L-karnitine iri mu ntanga ngabo nayo ifitanye isano neza n’ibirimo L-karnitine mu mirire.
3. Kunoza kwihanganira umubiri
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko L-karnitine ishobora guteza imbere kwihanganira abarwayi bafite indwara mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ibipimo nkigihe cyimyitozo ngororangingo, kwinjiza ogisijeni ntarengwa, inzitizi ya lakate, hamwe na ogisijeni yinjira mu mubiri byose bizanozwa ku buryo butandukanye nyuma yuko umubiri wongerewe na L-karnitine; Gutanga umunwa L-karnitine birashobora kandi kongera kwihanganira imitsi 80% mugihe kinini cyo kwinjiza ogisijeni, kugabanya igihe cyo gukira nyuma yimyitozo ikaze, kandi bikagabanya impagarara numunaniro biterwa nimyitozo ngororamubiri. Mu 1986, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko L-karnitine ishobora kongera umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’inyanja y’inyamanswa kandi ikagabanya cholesterol hamwe na triglyceride mu ngingo z’amafi. Mu Budage byavuzwe ko ibinure by'umubiri by'abakinnyi byagabanutse cyane nyuma yo gufata L-karnitine mu byumweru 3, kandi umubare wa poroteyine wariyongereye, ariko uburemere bwabo ntibwagize ingaruka.
L-karnitine irashobora kugufasha kugabanya ibiro?
M-karnitine ntabwo ari imiti igabanya ibiro; umurimo wacyo nyamukuru ni ugutwika amavuta. Niba ushaka gukoresha L-karnitine kugirango ugabanye ibiro, usibye gutwika amavuta, imyitozo myinshi iracyari urufunguzo rwo kugabanya ibiro, kandi karnitine igira uruhare runini. Niba ingano y'imyitozo itari nini, nko kurya gusa kugirango ugabanye ibiro, gufata L-karnitine ntacyo bizagira ku kugabanya ibiro.
Gusaba ibyifuzo
Nubwoko bushya bwimbaraga zintungamubiri, L-karnitine kuri ubu ikoreshwa cyane mubiribwa bikora, cyane cyane nk'inyongera mu biryo by'ifu y'abana, ibiryo by'abakinnyi, no kugabanya ibiro ndetse n'ibiribwa byubaka umubiri. L-karnitine nkibicuruzwa byubucuruzi ahanini ni hydrochloride, tartrate na magnesium citrate umunyu.
1.Gusaba ibiryo byamata
L-karnitine igira uruhare runini muguhindura metabolike yimpinja zikoresha amavuta nkisoko yingufu. Kubera ko ubushobozi bwa biosynetike bwa L-karnitine ku mpinja ari ntege nke kandi ntibushobora guhaza ibyo bakeneye bisanzwe, L-karnitine idasanzwe igomba gufatwa. Alkali yemeza ko ibinure mumubiri biri muburyo bwiza bwa okiside kandi bitanga imbaraga zihagije kugirango ubushyuhe bwumubiri busanzwe bwumwana. Byongeye kandi, L-karnitine igira kandi ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ziteza imbere imikurire niterambere ryimpinja nabana bato, kandi ikanoza metabolike. igihugu cyanjye L-karnitine ntarengwa ya formula y'abana ni 70 kugeza 90 mg / kg. Kugeza ubu, amata y'ifu ya L-karnitine akoreshwa ku isoko mu gihugu cyanjye.
2. Gushyira mu biryo by'abakinnyi
Kuri DecombazJ. nibindi, kwibumbira kwa karnitine yubusa mumitsi yumuntu bizagabanukaho 20% nyuma yimyitozo ikaze. Bizera ko kuzuza karnitine bishobora kongera umunaniro wumubiri, kubera ko L-karnitine ishobora gutera okiside yibinure mu mubiri kandi igaha umubiri imbaraga zihagije zifasha kunoza kwihanganira imyitozo nimbaraga ziturika. Niba octacosanol na L-karnitine bikoreshejwe hamwe, bizagira ingaruka zifatika mukuzamura imbaraga zumubiri, bigaragarira mukuruhura imitsi yumubiri wose, kunoza imbaraga ziturika no kwihangana, kwiyongera kwimibare fatizo ya metabolike, no kuzamura imirire ya myocardium. Uburyo busanzwe nukwongerera L-karnitine mubinyobwa byabakinnyi kugirango bakomeze.
3. Gushyira mubikorwa kugabanya ibiro hamwe nibiryo byubaka umubiri
Nko mu myaka ya za 70, hari raporo z'ipatanti ku ikoreshwa rya DL-karnitine mu gukumira no kuvura umubyibuho ukabije. Nyuma, DL-karnitine yasimbuwe na L-karnitine kubera ingaruka mbi zayo. Imyitozo yerekanye ko ibiryo bikungahaye kuri L-karnitine bigira ingaruka nziza kubibazo byo guhindagurika kw'ibinure biterwa no kubura karnitine mu mubiri, kandi birashobora gukumira umubyibuho ukabije, umwijima w'amavuta n'izindi ndwara ziterwa no kwirundanya kwa lipide mu mitsi no mu mwijima. Mu kurya L-karnitine, ibinure byinshi mu mubiri birashobora guhinduka imbaraga hanyuma bikarekurwa, bityo bikarinda no kuvura umubyibuho ukabije. Kubwibyo, ibiryo bigabanya lipide hamwe na L-karnitine nkibintu byingenzi bikunzwe cyane ku isoko ry’iburayi.
