Melatonin ni iki? Irashobora kugabanya urugero rwa melanin?

Melatonin iri mu cyiciro cy’imvange ya heterocyclic, kandi izina ryayo ry’imiti ni N-acetyl-5-mitoxytryptamine, izwi kandi nka hormone ya pinine, melatonin, na melatonine.

Melatonin ikomatanyirizwa kandi ikabikwa muri glande ya pinine, kandi ibyishimo byimpuhwe byumutima bigenzura irekurwa rya melatonine muri selile. Synthesis ya melatonine y’inyamabere igenzurwa na sisitemu ya nervice, ikomoka kuri nucleus paraventricular nucleus ya hypothalamus, itaziguye cyangwa itaziguye yerekeza kuri preganglionic sympathetic neurons yo mu gice cya mbere cyitwa thoracic igice cyumugongo, amaherezo ikagera kuri gine ya pinine kugirango igenzure melatonine. Ururenda rwa melatonin rufite injyana isobanutse ya circadian, hamwe no gusohora ku manywa no gusohora nijoro.

Nubwo melatonin irimo ijambo "melatonin" mwizina ryayo, ntaho ihuriye na melanin kuruhu. Inkomoko yijambo "melatonin" ntabwo isobanura guhita yangirika uruhu cyangwa ibindi bintu, ariko kubera ko melatonine ishobora kugenga ukwezi kwacu-gukanguka no gufasha kunoza ibitotsi.

Iyo dusinziriye nabi igihe kirekire, melatonin irashobora kugenga sisitemu ya endocrine, kugabanya umubare wibyuka mugihe cyo gusinzira, kongera igihe cyo gusinzira cyane, bityo bikazamura ireme ryibitotsi. Muri rusange, umurimo wingenzi wa melatonine ni ugutezimbere ibitotsi, anti-okiside no kurinda selile, aho kuvana melanine mu ruhu.

Nigute melatonine ikomatanya kandi ni ibihe bintu biranga synthesis?

Ibiranga synthes

Synthesis ya melatonine igengwa nubwonko nizunguruka ryumucyo, cyane cyane ibikorwa byimitsi yimpuhwe hamwe no kubyutsa umwijima ibidukikije byijoro bizamura synthesis ya melatonine.

Mugihe cyibikorwa byimpuhwe zimpuhwe, mukurekura norepinephrine, imisemburo yingenzi muri synthesis ya melatonin irakorwa cyane, igateza imbere umusaruro wa melatonine.

Intambwe yintambwe

Tryptophan ibanza guhura nuruhererekane rwibinyabuzima, harimo hydroxylation, decarboxylation na mitoxylation, kugirango ikore 5-hydroxytryptophan.

5-Hydroxytryptophan ihindurwamo 5-hydroxytryptamine.

Mubikorwa bya adenylate cyclase, 5-hydroxytryptamine itangizwa no kurekura norepinephrine (NE), synthesis ya cAMP iriyongera, kandi enzyme ya sNAT (enzyme yingenzi muri synthesis ya melatonin) irakorwa.

Ni izihe nyungu za melatonin?

Kunoza ibitotsi

Melatonin ni imisemburo ikomeye yo kugenzura ibitotsi. Irashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gusinzira kandi ikagabanya igihe cyo kubyuka mbere yo kuryama, bikagabanya amahirwe yo kubyuka nijoro, bityo bikongera igihe cyo gusinzira cyane kandi bikanoza neza ibitotsi. Ifite imikorere ikomeye yo guhindura indege, cyane cyane ifitiye akamaro abantu baguruka igihe kirekire, bakora urugendo rurerure cyangwa ingendo ndende.

Antioxydeant no kurwanya gusaza

Melatonin igira ingaruka zikomeye zo kurwanya peroxidation iterwa n'uburozi bwa exogenous no kwangiza ingirangingo z'umubiri ziterwa na radicals yubuntu, bityo ikagira ingaruka zo kurwanya gusaza. Melatonin irashobora gusiba radicals yubusa, kurwanya okiside no kubuza lipide peroxidisation, kurinda imiterere ya selile, kwirinda kwangirika kwa ADN, no kugabanya ibirimo peroxide mu mubiri.

Kongera ubudahangarwa

Melatonin irashobora kongera imikorere yumubiri kandi ikagira ingaruka kumikorere yumubiri. Irashobora gukora TH selile kugirango irekure interleukins na interferons, yongere ibikorwa bya selile NK, kandi yongere imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza lymphocytes, bityo umubiri urinde indwara.

Tunganya imisemburo ya hormone

Melatonin irashobora kubuza hypothalamus-pituitar-gonad axis, kugabanya urugero rwa hormone irekura gonadotropine, gonadotropine, luteinizing hormone na hormone itera imisemburo, kandi irashobora gukora kuri gonado kugirango igabanye urugero rwa andorogene, estrogene na progesterone.

Ni iki melatonine ishobora gukoreshwa?

Umurima w'ibiribwa

Melatonin irashobora gukoreshwa nk'inyongeramusaruro y'ibiribwa bisanzwe kandi bizima, byongewe kubinyobwa, ibiryo, nibindi, kugirango byongere agaciro kintungamubiri kandi byuzuze ibyo abaguzi bakeneye kubiryo byiza kandi karemano. Kurugero, bimwe mubuzima nibinyobwa byongeramo melatonin kugirango bifashe kunoza ibitotsi.

Umwanya mwiza wo kwita ku ruhu

Melatonin irashobora kubuza gukora melanin, kugabanya imiterere yibibara, no gutuma uruhu rwera kandi rukaka. Irashobora kandi kunoza ubudahangarwa bwuruhu no kongera ubushobozi bwuruhu rwo kurwanya ibidukikije.

Urwego rwubuzima

Kunoza ibitotsi

Igikorwa nyamukuru cya melatonin ni ukugenzura ukwezi gusinzira no gufasha umubiri kwinjira mubitotsi byinshi. Kubantu badasinzira kandi badasinzira neza, melatonin igira ingaruka nziza zo gutera imbere. Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bubyerekana, melatonin irashobora kugabanya igihe cyo gusinzira, kugabanya umubare w’ibyuka nijoro, kongera igihe cyo gusinzira cyane, no kuzamura ibitotsi muri rusange.

Tunganya isaha yibinyabuzima

Melatonin irashobora kugira uruhare mugutunganya isaha yibinyabuzima no kugenzura injyana ya circadian. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa kandi mukuvura indege, gufasha abantu kumenyera ibihe bishya byihuse, no kugabanya ibibazo biterwa nindege.

Niki nakagombye kwitondera mugihe nkoresha melatonin?

Nubwo melatonine ifite inyungu nyinshi, ntigomba gufatwa igihe kirekire, bitabaye ibyo irashobora gutuma habaho ibitekerezo bibi bya endocrine mumubiri, bikaviramo kwishingikiriza no kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge.

Mugihe ufata melatonine, ugomba gukurikiza byimazeyo inama za muganga kandi ukirinda gufata imiti cyangwa guhindura dosiye utabiherewe uburenganzira.

Melatonin igira ingaruka runaka kumikorere yumwijima nimpyiko, kandi birasabwa gukurikirana buri gihe mugihe cyo kuyikoresha.

Mugihe ukoresheje melatonin, ugomba kwitondera kubungabunga ibidukikije byiza byo gusinzira nigihe cyo gusinzira gihagije, kandi ukirinda kurara umwanya muremure.

Mubuzima bwa buri munsi, ugomba kwitondera indyo yoroheje, ukirinda kurya ibiryo bitera uburakari, kandi ukirinda kurya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi kugirango wirinde kugira ingaruka kubitotsi.